Social Media Image Sizes The Best Guide Every Marketer Needs

Social Media Image Sizes The Best Guide Every Marketer Needs Social media image sizes change from time to time. If you’re not constantly paying attention, you might inadvertently ask a designer to create an image that doesn’t use proper dimensions. That leads to posts that look, well, weird. Plus, with multiple post and content formats on several different networks, keeping tracking of everything in your head can quickly become impossible. Fear weird posts no more. With this complete and updated bookmarkable resource, you can easily find the best dimensions for every post and visual element you need on each major social channel. In addition, this post will also explore: The best tools for creating social media visual content. Even if you don’t have access to a designer, you can still create great graphics. Max file sizes for video content. Along with static images, video is only getting more important on social media. Examples of what different types of social posts and images look like. Don’t worry if there are any profile elements or post image types you haven’t heard of. You’re about to be an expert. Tip: Did you know is the best all-in-one marketing management platform for social media and all other projects and campaigns? See what it can do for your social media marketing. The Best Social Media Image Sizes Guide For Marketers via @Download 100+ Free Images You Can Use on Social Media You’re busy, stock photography is expensive, and you want high-quality social media images. Here’s 100+ royalty-free photos and images you can use to create your own posts (along with a free Photoshop CC action to make resizing them easy). Plus, an included social media calendar template will make it easy to plan every post before you publish.Table of Contents: Facebook Image Sizes Twitter Image Sizes Instagram Image Sizes LinkedIn Image Sizes Pinterest Image Sizes Google+ Image Sizes Tumblr Image Sizes YouTube Image Sizes TL;DR: The Complete List of Social Media Image Sizes Just looking for some quick answers? No worries. Here’s the full list of dimensions this post will cover (all dimensions listed by pixels): Facebook Profile Photo: 180 x 180 Profile Photo Thumbnail (Across Facebook): 32 x 32 Cover Photo: 820 x 312 Newsfeed Post: 1,200 x 630 Milestone: 1,200 x 717 Shared Link: 1,200 x 627 Shared Images: 1,200 x 630 Highlighted Images: 1,200 x 717 Event Image: 1920 x 1080 Instagram Profile Image: 110 x 110 Page Thumbnails: 161 x 161 Image Posts: 1080 x 1080 Stories: 1080 x 1920 Pinterest Profile Image: 165 x 165 Pins: 236 px. Expanded Pins: 600 px. Board Display: 222 x 150 Twitter Profile Image: 400 x 400 Twitter Header Image: 1,500 x 500 (3,000 x 1,000 may display better) Background Image: 1,920 x 1,200 In-stream Tweet Photo: 440 x 220 (minimum) GIFs: 1280 x 1080 (recommended) LinkedIn Company Logo: 300 x 300 Cover Image: 1536 x 768 Overview Tab: 1536 x 768 Hero Image: 1128 x 376 Custom Modules: 502 x 282 Company Photos: 900 x 600 Google+ Profile Image: 250x250 Cover: 1,080x608 Maximum Image Size: 2120x1192 Tumblr Profile Image: 128x128 Posts: 500x700 Image Size Limit: 1280x1920Here's the entire list of the most important social media image sizes every marketer needs to know:The Full List of Supported Image File Types and Sizes (By Network) In addition to understanding the best dimensions for social media images pixel-wise, it’s also important to know which file types are supported, and how large they can be. Follow this easy chart: Facebook Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, and GIF. Maximum Dimensions: 2048 by 2048 pixels. File Sizes: Less than 100 KB is recommended for cover photos. No apparent limit on news feed posts. Instagram Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG. Maximum Dimensions: 2048 by 2048 pixels. Twitter Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF, WEBP. File Sizes: 5 MB or less for static images. 15 MB or less for GIFs. Number of Frames (GIF): 350 or less. Pinterest Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. File Size: No apparent limit. LinkedIn Supported File Types for SlideShare: PDF, ODP, PPT, DOC, RTF, ODT, TXT. SlideShare File Size Limit: 300MB. Supported Image File Types on LinkedIn: JPG, PNG, GIF (static). Image File Size Limit for Pulse Articles: 10MB. Logo: 4MB. Banner / Hero Image: 2MB. Google Plus Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. Tumblr Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. Must be RGB (not CMYK). Static Image File Limit: 20MB for static images. GIF File Limit: 3MB. YouTube Channel Profile Images: JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF.Curious which file types are supported on each social network? Bookmark this post:The Complete Visual Guide to Social Media Image Sizes Here are all the most important sizes and dimensions you need to know, presented in one infographic: Why Does Any of This Matter? That’s a fair question that can be answered in two parts: Using sub-optimal image sizes looks bad. You put too much work into social media marketing to get sloppy. Not knowing acceptable file types and sizes can lead to frustration. Not to mention time wasted trying to get files down to size. Time saved equals greater opportunity for more productivity. Facebook Image Sizes Facebook has been embattled in a number of recent controversies. It has also been getting harder to generate organic reach on the platform over the past few years. But, with 2.19 billion active users, it’d be foolhardy for any company to ignore it. Make sure you’re representing your brand well by following these image guidelines. Here are the ideal image dimensions for Facebook via @Profile Photo Dimensions: 180 by 180 Pixels In most cases, the best option for a business page profile photo is your logo. If you’re a solo consultant, you might also consider a headshot. But, like we said, logos are always a good idea. Facebook Cover Photo Size: 820 by 312 Pixels Your cover photo offers lots of visual real estate to communicate what your brand is all about. For example, the cover image clearly displays the company’s mission: Rather than a static image, you might opt for a cover video, like this example from Red Bull: Posted by Red Bull on Thursday, May 3, 2018 Shared Images: 1,200 by 630 Pixels (Appears 470 Pixels Wide) When an image is shared, it appears in the user’s followers news feeds. It’s recommended that they be uploaded at 1,200x630 px, although they’ll appear smaller in news feeds. This is likely to ensure they look sharp and maintain quality resolution. The height of these images may vary. Milestone Images: 1,200 x 717 Pixels Milestones are an effective yet underappreciated aspect of Facebook business pages. For brands with rich history, they’re a great way to show off how far your company has come, and what you’ve accomplished. Here's an example from Ford Motor Company: Event Images: 1920 by 1080 Pixels Facebook events remain powerful for attracting audiences. While they appear smaller in news feeds and on actual event pages, they expand considerably when clicked (where captions can also provide more context). Here’s an example: Instagram Image Sizes Instagram is all about strong visual content. And, as of September 2017, it had 800 million active users. That’s a potentially enormous audience that might see your posts. So, make sure every post looks its best by following these image guidelines. Here are the ideal image dimensions for all things Instagram via @Profile Photo: 110 by 110 Pixels Again, similar to Facebook, it’s recommended to use your logo. No need to get too creative here. What could be more iconic than this example from Nike? Profile Thumbnails: 161 by 161 Pixels These are thumbnails for each post that appear on profiles. For context, here’s what these look like on Red Bull’s Instagram page: In-Feed Photos: 1080 by 1080 Pixels So, what about actual Instagram posts? They appear as 1080 by 1080 squares. Here’s an example from Mod Cloth: Summer of rainbows ðŸÅ'ˆ // Find our Come Colorfully Denim Shorts via link in bio â  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬ â  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬ #modcloth #ootd #springstyle #rainbow #rainbowlove #rainbowlife #springfashion #thatsdarling #flashesofdelight A post shared by ModCloth (@modcloth) on May 16, 2018 at 9:12am PDT Instagram Stories: 1920 x 1080 Instagram Stories appear taller than standard posts. Here’s an example from Vans: Twitter Image Sizes By the end of the first quarter of 2018, Twitter had 318 million monthly active users. That may not be as many as Facebook or Instagram, but it’s nothing to overlook, either. Here’s how to help make sure your Twitter presence looks its best. Curious which image dimensions are best for all things Twitter? Get the 411 here from @Twitter Profile Photos: 400 by 400 Pixels You probably know what’s coming next: for brands, logos are the way to go. Some exceptions might be logos for specific campaigns or events you’re promoting. Here’s a simple example from Casper, a brand that’s mastered their Twitter copy (seriously, check them out if you haven’t before): Ideal Twitter Header Size: 1,500 by 500 Pixels Twitter headers are particularly wide. Striking photography and branding are key to make yours stand out, rather than be overlooked. They also offer plenty of room to promote new features or products. Here’s an example from Stitcher: In-feed Post Images: 440 by 220 Pixels (Minimum), So, once your tweets are out in the open, what’s the best image size? As long as they’re 440 by 220 pixels, they should look okay (larger photos will scale down). LinkedIn Image Sizes For professionals, LinkedIn is an invaluable networking and development tool. While it’s sometimes overlooked, it reached 500 million users in April 2017. That’s certainly nothing to sneeze at, and here’s how to make sure you’re making the best impression possible. What are the best image sizes for everything on LinkedIn? Get the answers from @hereCompany Logo: 300 by 300 Pixels No surprise here. Getting your logo out there is important, and it’s what people expect to see. Cover Image: 1,536 by 768 Pixels Similar to Twitter, cover images on LinkedIn fit the full width of the screen. However, they may be partially obscured by ads: Overview Tab: 320 by 120 Pixels Here’s where you’ll find the Overview tab on company pages: Life Tab Hero Image: 1,128 by 376 Pixels This appears on a tab on the right side of your company page: Here’s how it appears when clicked: Career Page Custom Modules: 502 by 282 Pixels Custom modules allow brands to add more copy and images to their company page. Here’s what those look like: Pinterest Image Sizes Pinterest isn’t just for sharing photos of dream projects and hobby ideas. With 200 million monthly active users, there’s a large audience out there for companies to reach. Plus, since its often used as a platform for gathering ideas for projects and interests, there’s opportunity to directly sell those products to customers that are actively in a research and shopping mindset. What size should images be on Pinterest? Get the answers from @herePinterest Profile Photo Size: 165 x 165 Pixels Logo it up! Board Covers: 222x150 Pixels These are images that appear when visitors scroll through your boards. Rather than leaving them to default options, you can actually specify a board cover that conveys what that board is all about. In this example, the board on the right doesn’t use a board cover, and looks a bit cluttered. The one on the right does use one (the larger left-aligned guitar image), though, which helps create a cleaner, more uniform appearance across your boards. Main Page Pins: 236 Pixels Standard pins will appear at 236 pixels. That isn’t too big, so make sure your Pins are clear enough that people will still be able to recognize what they are at that size: However, according to Canva, the optimal upload size is 735 by 1,102 pixels (with the understanding they’ll be scaled down on your board). Expanded Pins: 600 Pixels (Minimum) When a Pin is clicked to expand, it will appear at a minimum of 600 pixels wide: Google+ Image Sizes Google+ is considered by many to be a social media ghost town. However, there are some organizations who still get use from the platform, particularly those who uses its Communities. If you’re still getting results from Google’s social platform, make the most of your visuals. What are the ideal image sizes for Google+? Find out via @hereGoogle+ Profile Picture: 250 by 250 Pixels And, once again, it’s a good idea to make this your logo for branding and recognition purposes. Google+ Cover Photo: 1,080 by 608 Pixels Those may sound like oddly specific dimensions, but if Google+ has something going for it here, it’s that the cover photo offers a lot of space to show off some creativity. Tumblr Image Sizes Tumblr is a social blogging and image sharing site that’s tough to pin down. Since there are tons of different themes available, content might display differently depending on your account is configured. While somewhat overlooked by brands, it has 794 million active users per month, placing it just slightly behind Instagram. Tumblr Profile Photo: 128 by 128 Pixels (Minimum) Your logo is once again a solid choice here, but keep in mind that beyond your home page, there aren’t many places on Tumblr where it will appear. Here’s a simple example from Denny’s: Image Posts: 500 by 750 Pixels This is the width image posts will appear in user’s dashboards. YouTube Image Sizes YouTube is, of course, a video platform. But, profiles do need some static images, too.

5 Ways to Shake It Up Without Changing Careers

5 Ways to Shake It Up Without Changing Careers Feeling stifled? Desperate for a major change? Want to chase your dream to another continent, or to another career altogether? Feel any or all of those desires, but realize with a pang that you simply can’t just up and totally change your career? There are still ways you can get back in a groove and get excited about your job again without throwing the baby out with the bathwater.Try these five strategies first before decided on changing careers.1.  Start from withinIf things are really stale, you always have two options that aren’t the nuclear one. First, you can change your role within your own industry. Or, you can keep your job but change to another field. Try switching from corporate law to entertainment law. Or from serving and bartending to managing. Or from at-home nursing to ER nursing. These feel like big changes, but they don’t involve scrapping your entire career!2. Try your hand at consultingThis word covers quite a bit of ground. The nutshell of t his strategy is to figure out what you know because of your career so far and figure out who needs that knowledge and skill. Could you teach? Develop textbooks or manuals or training guides? Recruit? This keeps you squarely in your wheelhouse, where you’ve been successful, but doesn’t require you to learn a whole new set of skills.3.  Think about how your role could changeThere’s always the option of sticking with your current company, but changing jobs within it. Have a think about your colleagues- is there anything they do that you think would be more fulfilling to you? Ask questions. Chat with your boss about shifting your responsibilities and taking on new challenges. Figure out what you need to brush up on and prove- if only to yourself- that you can learn new things.4. Find joy in extracurricularsSo maybe you can’t change even your job in a significant way, for whatever reason. You can still do more, and different, things! Try volunteering, or tak e a guest bartending gig, or start a blog, or join forces with friends or colleagues to work for a foundation. Doing a bit of good in the world, or a bit of freelance work, can give you the breath of fresh air you need to put your work in better perspective.5. Keep honoring that little voiceMaybe you’ll follow these strategies and still can’t deny that overwhelming desire to chuck it all and do something totally different with your life. If that voice just won’t go away, no matter what else you do or how you tweak the margins, that might be the sign you need. Check in with yourself from time to time and see how you feel. You’ll know when it’s time to light the match.Five Easier Alternatives to Totally Changing Careers

The Aquilar and Sahagun Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Aquilar and Sahagun Culture - Essay Example The account of the Spanish conquest and contradictory opinions on the role of small pox and virgin soil displays how personal interests, ethnic biases and political thoughts can largely influence the outcome and historical understanding of historical events. The Spanish account of the Mexican conquest is intertwined in propagating Spanish prowess and strategies leading to their victory. In many Spanish memoirs, the concentration is settled on how the Spanish employed tactical strategies with extraordinary technology to conquer the Aztec empire. More often than not, Spanish conquer of the Aztec is largely premised on the introduction of smallpox in Mexico in what is commonly referred to as â€Å"Black slave†, with the subject appearing in most of the Spanish chronicles and historical memoirs as having spread from Tepeaca, towards Tlaxcala and finally to Tenochtitlan. (Schwartz, 2000) Arising from the devastating effects of smallpox, Mexican populations died and reduced considerably, neighboring towns of Mexico were enveloped and, ruling elites ravaged while their diplomatic and military cadres abated. Moreover, Schwartz (2000) has also supported that the Spanish view holds that while the Spanish mainly used the Mexicans as slaves and laborers, they were made to believe that the Spanish were gods, who would then take advantage of the opportunity to conquer the Mexicans. Nevertheless, there is progressive emphasis on the deadly firearms, snort, and armored horses used by the Spanish as having aided their victory in the war. On the other hand, alternative opinions on the events that led to the victory present a different approach to the Aztec defeat. The work of Franciscan Friar Bernardino de Sahagun for instance, holds out conspicuously representing a natives view on the accounts of the events. The Sahagun hypothesis posits an excessive and deliberate Spanish

Paper 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Paper 3 - Essay Example Who among them was right, is it the City management or is it Uriah? Arguments raised by the two parties will help in determining the case. On his part, Uriah felt that his actions were justified while the City felt that they were justified in their decision to fire the employee. In the arguments that I shall hereby raise, I will look at both sides of the arguments and why they felt they were justified in their actions. Moreover, I will also explore the possibilities in both cases. Discussions to the case As opposed to crimes which are public, torts are private wrongs committed by people or businesses. Unintentional torts, also known as negligence are defined as the situation whereby a person has either failed to do something or has done something that a reasonable person in his or her own right mind would not do and the another person has suffered harm as a result of the foreseeable action or inaction (Cooke, 2007). The action that has either been committed or omitted is what is refe rred to as negligence. In the case of Uriah versus the City, Uriah acted in due negligence and breached his duty of care. This was against the ethics of business which requires that an employee should at all times portray a behavior or character that in no way will dent the image of the company, whether on duty or off duty. Failure by any employee to observe the code of ethics could attract severe consequences, even dismissal. According to Miller (2012), many businesses take their codes of ethics with increased levels of seriousness as they value how their customers judge them in accordance to the image of the employees. With the high levels of competition due to globalization, no business is ready to let anything to chance in maintaining their public image and stay ahead of their competition. In essence, the dismissal of Uriah was backed by ethics of the business. In particular, Uriah would cost the business its image as few customers would like being served by a night club dancer. Clubs are associated with all mannerisms of immorality and bad behavior. Contrary to this, the modern business environment is concerned about image, ethics and morals. Employees such as Uriah thus find themselves on the wrong due to their actions. Miller & Jentz, (2010) observe that businesses have increasingly shunned away unethical behavior such as alcoholism, drug abuse among other socially unaccepted behavior. Some even restrict the areas in which their employees need to reside in, the type of social places that they can hang out in and the dress codes. All this is supposed to show their customers that they understand what it means to be ethically responsible. As part of the corporate social responsibility, businesses are required to be on the front line in promoting moral behaviorisms in the society. They can only survive this through keeping employees who are ethically responsible. It is due to these reasons that the City decided to fire Uriah for being a night club dancer. O n his part, Uriah was justified in a number of ways to take part in the night club dance as a part time job. However, his argument would be tricky as he had to put into consideration the damages his actions would have caused the company. Although he had acted in violation of the codes of ethics, business morals require that an

Accounting for Small Business Essay Example for Free

Accounting for Small Business Essay ABSTRACT SMEs play a very important role in Indias economy and have a great potential for strengthening the real sector in India. But there has not been appropriate infrastructure yet which is accounting system to show the business feasibility. Traditional business in Indian Villages had been started by a family and ancestors, but has gotten bigger now. This business has many strengths and weaknesses. Based on the condition and background, the proposed-accounting system has been developed. It has been also successfully tested for a month transaction and revised. Adding knowledge management into accounting system is an alternative way to develop the proposed-accounting system. The four modes of knowledge creation will facilitate the business and its owner to add some modules in accounting system and to reengineer the business process. See more: Distinguish between problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping Essay INTRODUCTION: Small business plays a very important role in Indias economy, particularly in aspects increased employment, income generating, economic development. In addition, this sector is considered as a driving force for the rural economy. But until now there are still many problems to hinder the small business growth. Facts in the Asia Pacific region revealed that Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) employ about 60 percent of the workforce. Only 10 percent of the total companies in Asia Pacific which is a big business, the rest are SMEs. For India, according to Small Medium Business Corner (SMBC) data in 2012 the numbers of micro, small and medium enterprises develop into 130 Lakhs (http://www.smeindia.net/export_schemes/OverviewofMSME.html) by giving employment to 410 Lakhs people and able to contribute to the total national GDP amounted to 8-9 percent in 2012. Basic problem of management in small business is inability of owners to determine their management style that appropriate with the business need and development stage. In early stage of business, family management style leads to one-man show. According to improvement of business environment, that conventional style could not be pushed longer. Especially in financial management, the business owners could not be able to separate the financial management of business and family yet. Besides, they have not well planned, managed and reported periodically yet. It is caused by there is no appropriate infrastructure which is accounting system. The impact is that the owners of small business have difficulties to cooperate with external such as bank or another financial institution. The owners have difficulties to show their feasibility business when they want to propose credit or make a business contract with another business. Based on the importance of an accounting system, this research results a proposed-accounting system which can be applied by owners of small business in India. The proposed-accounting system is a generic model of purchasing and selling system that should be enhanced according to business need and by refer to the knowledge management approach. LITERATURE REVIEW: ACCOUNTING SYSTEM: According to Gillespie, accounting system is an organization of document, form and report which is managed to provide information for management. Based on that definition, elements of accounting system are documents, forms and reports, but still concern with procedure and internal control. Therefore, proposed-elements in this study will refer to it. SMALL BUSINESS: Under the law of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (2008), definition of SMEs in India is explained by the table below. Based on the definition, the research object is categorized as a small business. DEFINITION OF SMES IN INDIA Enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services (i) A micro enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in equipment does not exceed Rs. 10 lakh; (ii) A small enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in equipment is more than Rs.10 lakh but does not exceed Rs. 2 crore; and (iii) A medium enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in equipment is more than Rs. 2 crore but does not exceed Rs. 5 crore. Enterprises engaged in the manufacture or production, processing or preservation of goods (i) A micro enterprise is an enterprise where investment in plant and machinery does not exceed Rs. 25 lakh; (ii) A small enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in plant and machinery is more than Rs. 25 lakh but does not exceed Rs. 5 crore; and (iii) A medium enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in plant and machinery is more than Rs.5 crore but does not exceed Rs.10 crore. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT: System development in this study will follow the three main steps a.System analysis: Activities in this stage are initial study, feasibility study, requirement definition, and specification system arrangement. b.System design:   After finishing system analysis, the next activities are system design, system building and system testing. c.System implementation:   Based on system testing, a revised system will be established. Finally, system is implemented and operated. At this stage, company will conduct maintenance activity. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: Since this study wants to develop a proposed-accounting system, â€Å"Research and development† approach which is applied in this study is a research program that is followed by a development program. It is a combination of descriptive study that describes the actual phenomenon in an object and exploratory research that develops a proposed -accounting system. A proposed-accounting system is focused on purchasing and selling system since those are the main activities in the business. The location of this study, Traditional small business in Indian Villages, was chosen on purpose, because this business in the Villages has significantly improved in sales and human empowering, also government is paying attention by giving assistantship for both management and technology. Primary data of this study was the results of guided interviews and observation. The steps of this study are designed as follow: a.Initial study Preliminary research was conducted to comprehend previous studies and literature, guided questionnaire drafting, and Traditional business understanding. b.System requirement defining At this stage, the data was obtained by interview with business owners and observation directly to the business. By understanding the research object condition and background, also the strength and weakness, the accounting system requirement could be defined. c.Development of proposed-accounting system At this stage, development of proposed-accounting system was managed by interviews, observation, and group discussion among owners, researcher and government, related to main accounting system elements, which are document, form and report. In its development, knowledge management approach was proposed to use since it can facilitate business daily operation into business standard operation. The result of this stage was a proposed-accounting system. d.Testing and implementation Testing was accomplished by implementing the proposed system to handle a month transactions. Owners and their staff used it to run transactions of purchasing and selling for a month. By running the system, problems were found and then they were used to revise the system. At this stage, a revised-accounting system was established. e.Conclusions and recommendations In the final stage of this study, conclusions and suggestions from all research processes were stated. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: PROFILE OF TRADITIONAL BUSINESS IN INDIAN VILLAGES: India is one of the major exporter and supplier of handicrafts and gift products to the world market. The Indian handicrafts industry is highly labor intensive and decentralized, being spread all across the country in rural and urban areas. The sector is considered as the second largest employment-generating sector after agriculture with numerous artisans engaged in craft work on a part-time basis. The industry offers employment to over 6 million artisans, including a large number of women and people from the weaker sections of society. The present day handicraft tradition of India is a perfect example of assimilation between the traditional designs and modern techniques. The fast growing demand for Indian handicraft and gifts products have made this sector a full-fledged large scale organized industry that is growing day by day. History The rich history of India’s craft tradition has evolved over the centuries offering a legacy of Indian culture promising everything beauty, dignity, form and style. The variety is comprehensive and ranges from age-old stone carvings to modern handicrafts making use of glass flints and mirrors. The most popular crafts, include metalware, earthenware, pottery, sculpting, woodwork, hand-printed textiles and scarves, embroidered and crocheted goods, shawls, zari products, stone carving and imitation jewelry. There is a myriad of art and craft traditions in India that depend on social, economic and regional factors. The present status of the sector in India owes much to the rich crafts history and tradition of the past. Majority of the crafts from the past continues to flourish due to their utilitarian characteristics, availability to the common people and popularity in domestic and global markets. Today, some of the sectors within the craft industry have even become full fledged industries in their own, like carpet weaving, traditional textile (Banarsi silk sari, Chikankari etc), gem cutting and polishing, jewelry making, the world famous diamond cutting and polishing industry, brassware, jute products, etc. The growth of these industries is due to their ever-increasing demand and the popularity of Indian crafts in the domestic market and overseas. Gems and jewelry, carpet making, metalware, leather products, jute products etc. are some industries, which are growing rapidly.

Platos Criticism of Democracy Essay -- Plato

Plato's Criticism of Democracy Do not be angry with me for speaking the truth; no man will survive who genuinely opposes you or any other crowd and prevents the occurrence of many unjust and illegal happenings in the city. A man who really fights for justice must lead a private, not a public, life if he is to survive for even a short time. (Apology 31e-32a) These are the words of Socrates, who spoke before the Athenian jury in the trial that would, ultimately, condemn him to his death. Through works such as the Apology and The Republic, we can see Plato’s distaste of the concept of democracy. Why does he consider democracy to be so flawed? Let us look through his own eyes and see what his individual criticisms are, and determine if the very concept of democracy is as flawed as he believes it to be. One of the contemporary definitions of democracy today is as follows: â€Å"Government by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representatives; Rule by the majority† (â€Å"Democracy† Def.1,4). Democracy, as a form of government, was a radical idea when it manifested; many governments in the early history of the world were totalitarian or tyrannical in nature, due to overarching beliefs that the strong ruled over the weak. Although the Greeks coined the word â€Å"democracy† – the words demos â€Å"people† and kratos â€Å"rule† conjoined together to mean, literally, â€Å"rule by the people† – there is speculation about weather or not certain other peoples, such as the Sumerians and the Indians, managed to engage in democratic methods of governance first. However, the history of democracy is not what is being discussed here; we are focusing on Plato’s criticism of democracy, particularly with regards to the Athenian model and his... ...n life. However, Plato’s criticisms should be kept in mind when determining the merit of a democratic government. Oh, would it not be great to have a democracy of philosophers, who would pursue truth and wisdom! Alas, we are only human, and susceptible to many evils and lies. The trick is to prevent such ignorant people from becoming the majority. At times, it seems nigh impossible to do so; curse our stupidity! WORKS CITED â€Å"Democracy.† Def.1,4. The American Heritage Dictionary. 2nd college ed. 1991. Plato. â€Å"The Apology.† Five Dialogues: Euthyphro, Apology, Cito, Meno, Phaedo. 2nd ed. Trans. Grube, G.M.A. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc, 2002. 36. Gorgias. Trans. Helmbold, W.C. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc, 1952. 18-19, 32-48. â€Å"Book V.† The Republic of Plato. Trans. Bloom, Allan. New York: Basic Books Inc, 1968. 153-154.

My Name Is Margaret Essay

â€Å"My name is Margaret† was written by Maya Angelou. She was born in 1928 in America, and her full name was Marguerite Annie Johnson. Maya Angelou was a talented person. She was a poet, an author, a singer, an actress, and a playwright. Writing â€Å"My name is Margaret† she recovered the truth of the unfair behavior of the white people with the black ones and described the people’s loss of their identity. My name is Margaret summary The story tells about the young black girl who started to work for the white woman. She was only ten years old, and it was a great and remarkable experience for her. She was forced to study many things in the household hadn’t known before. The girl was surprised what a great variety of kitchen tools there can be. She hadn’t even realized that there existed the glasses for water, glasses for wine, glasses for the ice cream and a lot of more that astonished her. The same was with the knives, forks, and other tools and consequently, a great part of her working day was spent on learning all of these things. Margaret was working on an ugly old lady who couldn’t have their children. The girl mentioned that the only thing that could beautify her mistress was a smile. However, this smile only appeared on Mrs. Cullinan’s face when she was sharing a cup of tea with her friend ladies. There was one more servant, Miss Glory, who had been working in that house for twenty years and patiently taught Margaret everything that she should know about household and the manners of their mistress. The bad things began when Mrs. Cullinan called the girl â€Å"Mary† for the first time, explaining that is a shorter name and more convenient to pronounce. Margaret was extremely dissatisfied with this action and was struggling to do her best to get rid of this job.    My name is Margaret analysis Maya Angelou tried to picture the importance of our names. Each name is a unique and expresses the peculiarities of its owner. Surrounding people identify us with the help of our names. In our minds, each name is associated with the list of different stories, occasions, situations related to the person who owns this name. Our name creates a specific picture, and if we change it, we stop being ourselves. That is why Margaret was extremely shocked and crossed when she heard the first time the name â€Å"Mary† that was appealing to her. She didn’t react and tried to explain with all her behavior that her name isn’t Mary. She didn’t want to be somebody else; she wanted to be herself that meant to be Margaret, not Mary. Being called with another name signified for her that nobody took in the consideration her existence. None forced to notice her and communicate with her as with specific and unique individual. For her mistress, Margaret was just a servant, and she didn’t bother how to name her. Mrs. Cullinan never minded thinking about girl’s personality as far as the servant complete her work and do everything that is demanded of her. Margaret wanted to be herself, but nobody cared who she was and who she wanted to be. The girl found out that the elder servant, Miss Glory, had met the same situation in her life. Her real name was Hallelujah. Though, Mrs. Cullinan once decided that it is too long to remember and pronounce every time such a complete name and shortened it to the Glory. Margaret didn’t expect to hear that. She couldn’t understand why the senior woman didn’t even mind it and even loved her new name better. It was inadmissible to live the whole life with the name that doesn’t belong to you. Miss Glory may not bother, but Margaret took the strong decision not to tolerate it. If they didn’t want to receive her as Margaret, she wouldn’t act as Margaret. She didn’t care about rules and successions and did everything wrong on purpose. She aimed to attract the attention of being a bad servant and to be discharged. After all, there was a day when Mrs. Cullinan finally called the girl â€Å"Margaret.† Unfortunately, it was after having experienced the pain of the crushing of her favorite china serving tray. The serving tray was of extreme importance in Mrs. Cullinan’s house as it was her mother’s china from Virginia. The mistress was broken and bursting with the tears. In the condition of complete desperateness, she shouted: â€Å"Her name is Margaret.† Margaret was glad that she finally forced her mistress to understand the simple truth – her name was not Mary. Her name was Margaret. Maya Angelou wanted everyone to understand how it is extremely important not to lose the identity in our everyday life. Many people would consider us as somebody who lives someone else’s life. However, we shouldn’t agree for any reason. We were born to be unique, and that means, we could not die as a copy of another person.

Preventing Alzheimers Disease Health And Social Care Essay

Alzheimer ‘s disease is a disease named after Alois Alzheimer who foremost described it in 1906. It is besides known as Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type or Alzheimer ‘s and is the most common signifier of Dementia. It is an incurable, degenerative and terminal disease and is normally diagnosed in people of over 65 old ages of age, nevertheless, there are hints of its oncoming in much earlier ages ( Wegesin & A ; Stern, 2004, p.646 ) .The 2006 statistics indicated that 26.6 million people suffered from this disease universe. The common symptoms for this disease are thought to be age related concerns or emphasis manifestations. The disease is characterized by memory loss, such as trouble in retrieving late learned facts in earlier phases and confusion, temper swings, linguistic communication dislocation, crossness and aggression and general backdown in the advanced phases. The causal effects for this disease are still unknown with fingers indicating to plaques and tangles in the encephalon. Most interventions available for this disease offer diagnostic benefit but fail to turn to the hold or patterned advance of the disease. Since it ‘s incurable and degenerative, the direction of patients is indispensable. The disease is known to put a great load on health professionals who experience psychological, economic, societal and physical force per unit areas while taking attention of sick person ‘s of this disease. This disease is one of the most dearly-won diseases in the developed universe. GuideAge Study: Test of EGb 761 for bar of Alzheimer ‘s disease among the aged with memory ailments. The primary aim of the survey was to find the consequence of EGb761 in intervention on the rate of transition from memory ailments to Alzheimer ‘s disease utilizing survival analysis. The chief marks for this survey were ambulatory patients aged 70 old ages who exhibited memory ailments during a GP or memory centre audience. Those with nonsubjective memory damage or clinically relevant symptoms of anxiousness and depression were nevertheless excluded. Participants were so required to do one-year visits to a memory centre where a series of neuropsychological trials were conducted to measure the cognitive map and cognitive position. The functional position was evaluated with the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire ( Andrieu et. al. , 2008, p.406 ) . The survey recognized that primary and secondary bar schemes are desperately needed for Alzheimer ‘s disease as its prevalence continues to lift in industrialised states, with statistics demoing that it has presently affected over 24 million people worldwide. There is besides a high load associate with this disease. The schemes have ab initio proved to be effectual in cut downing mortality, morbidity, and wellness attention costs. Available interventions better cognitive symptoms and estrogen or satin related interventions are secondary bar schemes for Alzheimer ‘s disease ( Wegesin & A ; Stern, 2004, pp.647-648 ) . The basic scientific discipline and clinical informations indicate that estrogen therapy permeates healthy nerve cells with a survival advantage when challenged with a neuro-toxic agent. Greater benefit would hence be predicted if estrogen therapy is begun while nerve cells are still healthy and non biologically compromised ( p.650 ) . The estrogen advantage to healthy nerve cells provides plausible account for why estrogen can be good in forestalling neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer ‘s ( Brinton, 2004, p.419 ) . In add-on, in the intervention of AD, randomized placebo-controlled surveies have provided grounds of efficaciousness. The survey was spread out in a five twelvemonth program, and the primary aim was to find the consequence of intervention with EGb 761 on the rate of transition from memory ailments to dementia of Alzheimer type utilizing survival analysis. The survey design: incorporated a web of doctors to enroll topics ; the eligibility standard was validated in one of 25 mention memory centres. Coordination was by the infirmary mention centre located in Toulouse France ( Andrieu et. al. , 2008, p.407 ) . Age, residential location of patients, mean socio-cultural and instruction degrees, and self-generated coverage of memory ailments were the chief considerations for patient eligibility. Ocular sharp-sightedness and presence of drusen, unnatural pigmentary epithelial tissue and vascularization were considered in the diagnostic standards for age related muscular devolution. Apolipoprotein E, a genotypic determiner for intervention response was taken from blood samples while urine samples were taken to find isoprostan, a possible biochemical alternate marker of result. Spontaneously reported inauspicious effects were recorded for safety rating intents ( p.407 ) . In the intervention procedure, topics were randomized at the proof visit by having EGb 761 or a duplicate placebo. Blinding was ensured by indistinguishable visual aspect of placebo and active drug while colour marker was ensured by utilizing a brown pigment. Behavioral appraisal was through the disposal of neuropsychological trials for appraisal of cognitive map ; the cognitive position was besides evaluated blending MMS and CDR ; Functional position was evaluated utilizing the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire. Other appraisals involved balance perturbations, assessed by finding one ‘s ability to stand on one leg, posturography and diagnostic standards for sarcopenia ( pp.407-409 ) . Outcome steps entailed independent adjudication by four clinicians non connected to the survey to determine unvarying instance consequences. Changes in CDR dementedness tonss and alterations in public presentation on neuropsychological trials were considered in the secondary result steps. The study described the cognitive map and disablement in a population composed of 2854 patients who complained of memory jobs. These patients were younger and better educated with high MMSE tonss and longer continuances of memory ailments. Primary attention was the chief context of the survey. Patients who exhibited dementedness, anxiousness and depression symptoms were besides excluded from the survey so as to enrich the survey sample in patients whose memory ailments were related to underlying cognitive troubles other than emotional influences. From the screened population, over 60 per centum scored 0.5 or more on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale therefore a comparative grade of cognitive damage was recognized. This hence supported old findings where bulk of patients reported ailments in the general population therefore grounds of convergence between aged patients with subjective memory ailments and those with nonsubjective steps of cognitive damage ( p.410 ) . The consequences hence imply that many aged individuals with cognitive damage are undiagnosed within the community and that a pro active attitude from practicians would assist place such people and pave manner for proviso of appropriate attention. CDR would besides be concluded as a sensitive agencies of observing cognitive damage amongst the aged. TheGuideAge is an of import and advanced tool for bar of AD in Europe. A recent survey provided grounds of Gingko biloba infusion effectivity in forestalling cognitive diminution in aged individuals. To farther find the efficaciousness of Gingko biloba, the GuideAge survey provided the needed informations from a big figure of topics. It would besides be effectual analyzing the development of cognitive map and see hazard factors as forecasters of transition from memory ailments to AD in the population. From this analysis hence, it can be concluded that preventative steps for AD are executable owing to the ability to obtain informations every bit good as initiate drug usage in a big sample of the population. Preventing Alzheimer ‘s disease: fact or fiction The prevalence is Alzheimer ‘s disease is significantly increasing in the United States. Presently, the population of those with this disease stands at 4.5 million with an estimated addition of between 11 and 16 million in the following 50 old ages. In add-on, explosive alterations in engineering would ensue in a great challenge in reflecting the mildest signifiers of cognitive shortage. The starchlike plaque in the encephalon remains the trademark pathology of Alzheimer ‘s disease and the amyloid cascade, provides marks for intercessions. The chief purpose of the intercessions is to cut down harm ensuing from starchlike plaque load ( Grossman & A ; Dyk. , 2008, p.887 ) . Significant positive attacks have been made, polar to the designation of diagnostic intervention of Alzheimer ‘s disease and the designation of conditions associated with increased intervention hazards. The success of true bar is nevertheless considered every bit fabricated as there is less informations to back up the claim that the aforesaid hazards cut down the incidences of AD. Several advantages can be drawn from concentrating on the bar of the disease ; foremost, it would spread out the period of high quality of life in aging populations, a hold of oncoming of the disease by one twelvemonth would significantly cut down its prevalence rate, and costs associated with the disease would be minimized ( Grossman & A ; Dyk, 2008, p.888 ) . Despite advancement in the decrease of the disease, bar schemes are still in the grapevine. Medical intercessions for this disease are characterized as primary, secondary and third. Primary: focal point on disease bar ; secondary: on decrease in morbidity in preclinical persons: and third, on remedy, palliation and rehabilitation. Grossman & A ; Dyk ( 2008 ) acknowledge that current therapies for Alzheimer ‘s disease do be. Tacrine was approved in 1993 by the US FDA as the first intervention for AD. The bureau besides introduced donepezil, rivastigime and galantamine as other intervention drugs. They further discourse that primary bar refers to the bar of disease in an unselected population tests to this demand to inscribe a big figure of topics with few exclusion standards and infuse simple cheap ratings of results, with long observation and monitoring periods. The length of clip for bar tests and topics ‘ registration, consequence into high disbursals therefore a substi tution of the bar test, the ‘add on ‘ protocol permits the ratings of multiple spheres in a individual clinical test cohort ( p.900 ) . Both primary and secondary bar tests require careful attending to safety. The agents selected for bar surveies are often referred to as ‘neuroprotective. ‘ A term used to distinguish agents expected to cut down cognitive diminution instead than alleviation of symptoms. Preventive mechanisms purpose at cut downing starchlike plaque by changing metamorphosiss or protecting cells from starchlike toxicity. These mechanisms are largely proposed based on research lab and carnal surveies as few markers of biological mechanisms available in worlds exist. Several categories of agents with encouraging consequences have been tested. These are clearly discussed below. First of all, lipid-lowering medicines, the HMG-CoA reductase are known to impact greatly on knowledge, dementedness and Alzheimer ‘s disease by cut downing cholesterin degrees in the organic structure of worlds ( Sparks et. al. , 2008, p.418 ) . Second, tramiprosate, a 3-amino-1-propanasulfonic acid ab initio developed as a pharmaceutical intervention was examined in a two phased survey of 58 patients with mild to chair Alzheimer ‘s disease over three months. Patients having tramiprosate experienced a decrease in Alzheimer ‘s. Neurochem subsequently reported that tramiprosate would be used as a nutraceutical. Third, immunotherapy initiated by utilizing filaments for the development of Alzheimer ‘s vaccinum was addressed in Schenk ‘s 1999 study as an option for regressing starchlike plaque. There was grounds of a patient showing clearance of AI? hint sedimentations from their cerebral mantle, and a significant microglial response. It was further conclude d that supplanting of AI? , even when embedded in plaques, is possible in worlds when immunotherapeutic techniques are used. Third, is the usage of enzyme inhibitors. Amyloid plaque remains a trademark pathology for Alzheimer ‘s with the amyloid cascade supplying marks for intercessions to assail implicit in mechanisms. Therefore, intercessions to cut down the amyloid plaque load are widely proposed. Furthermore, the control of high blood pressure is grounds associated with decreased hazard of cognitive damage and dementedness, features of Alzheimer ‘s. Some surveies have shown that effectual control of high blood pressure is associated with cognitive benefit. Hormone replacing schemes are besides seen as good mechanisms for the bar of Alzheimer ‘s. There is an feeling that estrogen may be good in keeping cognitive map and detaining dementedness. The benefit of estrogen accrues from the fact that the endocrine acts as a neurotrophin in the pyramidal cells of the CAI part which is known to devolve in Alzheimer's.Astrogen protects the hippocampal nerve cells therefore reduces nervous AI? coevals. Antioxidative schemes on the other manus employ the fact that oxidative emphasis plays a important function in aging and Alzheimer ‘s disease. The usage of antioxidants such as Vitamin C and E is associated with the decrease of hazard of dementedness. Nutritional supplementation, considers that dietetic and nutritionary addendums have an consequence on the hazard of Alzheimer ‘s. From several surveies conducted, the usage of Ginkgo biloba, a herbal addendum indicated an betterment in knowledge. Another clinical test on Salvia officinalis was studied for its possible benefit on knowledge in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer ‘s. Significant benefits were discernible between the end point and baseline tonss on cognitive steps of the intervention group compared with the placebo group ( Doraiswamy, 2002, p.816 ) . Last, nonpharmacological intercessions such as physical exercising are observed as options to protect the aged from cognitive diminution. A Meta analysis conducted reported benefits from physical exercising on functional public presentation, behaviour and knowledge steps in patients with cognitive damage and dementedness. The execution of Cognitive Motor Interventions on 38 patients in one twelvemonth which involved cognitive exercising, societal and psychomotor activities indicated an betterment in temper and subsequent tonss against a control group ( Kreil et. al. , 2010, p.17 ) . Alzheimer ‘s disease is a common wellness concern amongst the aged. While effectual intervention is available, the bar mechanisms are non yet good understood. Cholesterol lowering, other cardiovascular hazard decrease, starchlike metamorphosis and antioxidant mechanisms every bit good as environmental sweetenings have proved as plausible bar options ( Doraiswamy, 2002, p.818 ) . Evidence-based Approaches to Preventing Alzheimer ‘s disease. Non modifiable hazard factors for Alzheimer ‘s include: Age ; this remains as the strongest hazard factor for dementedness, peculiarly for Alzheimer ‘s. The hazard doubles every five old ages in persons above 65 old ages. The hazard nevertheless increases by stopping point to 50 % after 85 old ages. Family history ; hints of Alzheimer ‘s in households ‘ histories for 5 % or less of instances. Hereditary or environmental factors related to households are major influences of this disease. Familial factors ; early Alzheimer happening before 65 old ages histories for 6-7 % of all Alzheimer's.13 % of these clearly exhibit autosomal dominant transmittal over more than one generation.30-70 % of mutants are in presenilin-1 cistron, 10-15 % are in the amyloid precursor protein cistron, and less than 5 % are in the presenilin-2 cistron ( Bassil & A ; Grossberg, 2009, p.30 ) . Modifiable hazard factors on the other manus include cardiovascular hazard factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, lipemia, intoxicant, depression, metabolic syndrome, smoking among others ( Bassil & A ; Grossberg, 2009, p.31 ) . From surveies conducted, the consumption of lipid-lowering medicines indicated a decrease in dementedness ( Sparks, 2008, p.419 ) . Other possible helpful agents to forestall Alzheimer ‘s include: Antioxidant vitamins, the encephalons of Alzheimer ‘s patients contain lesions typically associated with free extremist exposure every bit good as elevated degrees of endogenous antioxidants. Antioxidants cut down the toxicity of AI? in encephalon surveies of Alzheimer patients. This therefore laid a footing for the appraisal of the function of antioxidants such as vitamins E and C and curcumin for the bar of Alzheimer ‘s. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, anti- amyloid and antioxidant belongingss and is every bit a promising agent i n the bar of Alzheimer ‘s from the ascertained informations ( Bassil & A ; Grossberg, 2009, p.32 ) . Fish and Omega-3 fatty acids. Surveies have shown that consumption of concentrated fat, entire fat and entire cholesterin addition the hazard of dementedness. Reduced degree of Omega 3 fatty acids has been linked to increased hazard of dementedness therefore high fish ingestion would change by reversal the tendency in hazards related to dementia and cognitive diminution ( p.33 ) . Consequences form a community based survey affecting nondementaited persons indicated that attachment to a traditional Mediterranean diet was associated with important decrease in the hazard of incidents related to Alzheimer ‘s disease. Fruits and veggies are besides associated with improved cognitive public presentation in aged individuals. Fruits are particularly linked to decrease in dementedness. Some surveies have nevertheless associated high ingestion of veggies with decrease in cognitive diminution ( p.34 ) . Datas on intoxicant usage and cognitive map in the aged draws assorted consequences. The complexness in these consequences is brought approximately by the dose and type of intoxicant taken. The moderate ingestion of vino is associated with decreased hazard of dementedness and Alzheimer ‘s disease. On the other manus, high ingestion of intoxicant which consequences in alcohol addiction may take to cognitive diminution ( p.34 ) . A randomised controlled test late showed that moderate sums of intoxicant may detain age- associated cognitive diminution. Others include ; caffeine consumption, endocrine therapy, NonSteroid Anti-Inflammatory Drug ( NSAID ) therapy and homocysteine ( Ho et. al. , 2008, pp.86-88 ) . From this information it can be concluded that, dementedness is the consequence of a set of implicit in pathological procedures, some which are preventable. Familial factors, age and household history are disclosed as the major non-modified hazard factors while modified hazard factors range from alcohol addiction, high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus to depression. All this contribute to the development of Alzheimer ‘s and plausible preventative solutions are hence obtained from these jobs. In add-on, familial exposure is seen to modify most of the hazards associated with Alzheimer ‘s. Although there is deficient grounds to cement primary bar recommendations on dementedness, doctors may recommend taking actions such as take downing cholesterin, blood force per unit area and homocysteine degrees and commanding diabetes. Three constituents of life style, that is, societal, mental and physical are associated with a brilliant decrease in the hazard of dementedness, and Alzheimer ‘s disease. Population based longitudinal surveies have supported the hypothesis that societal, cognitive and physical activity are reciprocally associated with the hazard of dementedness, Alzheimer ‘s disease and cognitive damage. Physical exercising has been thought to heighten encephalon neurtotrophic factors and modify programmed cell death. Dementia is lowered by continuing musculuss mass every bit good as forestalling falls and attendant caput injury ( Kreil et. al. , 2010, pp.18-19 ) . Evidence further shows that exercising can continue optimum cardiovascular map, better regional intellectual blood flow and deter shot and micro vascular disease. NSAID therapy involves the intervention of Alzheimer ‘s with anti-inflammatory agents which slow the patterned advance of dementedness and suppress its oncoming. NSAIDs portray increased possibilities of take downing degrees of amyloidogenic AI?42 protein ( Bassil & A ; Grossberg, 2009, p.35 ) . From the above information, it is deserving observing that Alzheimer ‘s disease can be prevented utilizing both pharmacological and non-pharmacological options. The integrating of dietetic options and physical exercising may besides be efficient in accomplishing the preventative end of Alzheimer ‘s disease.

Why We Cant Wait by Martin Luther King Jr essays

Why We Cant Wait by Martin Luther King Jr essays While reading Dr. King's novel, I was able to get an uncensored idea of what African Americans went through in their struggle for civil rights. I cannot comprehend the extent to which they suffered while protesting, and it would be ignorant of me to think that I could understand. The many people who fought with Martin Luther King, Jr. for civil rights understand something about this country that I am only beginning to discover. I can only hope this shameful part of our history is never repeated. I felt a sense of disgust and shame while reading about the events of the Civil Rights struggle in Birmingham, Alabama. I have always heard that they would used dogs and water hoses to push back crowds, but I always got the sense that it was some kind of chaotic protesting on the part of the African Americans. I cannot believe that people who live in a country based on freedom of speech and the other rights in the Constitution would try to stop peaceful protests and demonstrations in such a manner. How could people think that this kind of oppression was tolerable and that the blacks did not have a right and freedom to protest? Part of me wanted to be there to help make a difference and join in the struggle, but part of me was also really afraid just by reading about the events in Birmingham. The people who protested with Dr. King showed a tremendous amount of courage and passion that could not be put out by fire hoses or dogs. I do not think that anyone, who has not been the victim of the extreme oppression that the blacks were victims of for hundreds of years, could understand why the civil rights movement was necessary at that time. Dr. King realized that you cannot wait for people to change their attitudes or beliefs, you have to help them see the error of their beliefs. It is easy for someone who is not being oppressed to tell you to wait. When you and your families are the victims of oppression and violence, you reach a b...

Biography of William Boss Tweed, American Politician

Biography of William 'Boss' Tweed, American Politician William M. â€Å"Boss† Tweed (April 3, 1823–April 12, 1878) was an American politician who, as the leader of the political organization Tammany Hall, controlled New York City politics in the years following the Civil War. Tweed leveraged his power as a landowner and corporate board member to extend his influence throughout the city. Along with other members of the â€Å"Tweed Ring,† he was suspected of siphoning untold millions from the city’s coffers before public outrage turned against him and he was finally prosecuted. Fast Facts: William M. 'Boss' Tweed Known For: Tweed commanded Tammany Hall, the 19th-century New York City political machine.Born: April 3, 1823 in New York CityDied: April 12, 1878 in New York CitySpouse: Jane Skaden (m. 1844) Early Life William M. Tweed was born on Cherry Street in lower Manhattan on April 3, 1823. There is a dispute about his middle name, which was often mistakenly given as Marcy, but which was actually Magear- his mothers maiden name. In newspaper accounts and official documents during his lifetime, his name is usually printed simply as William M. Tweed. As a boy, Tweed went to a local school and received a typical education for the time, and then apprenticed as a chair maker. During his teens, he developed a reputation for street fighting. Like many youths in the area, Tweed became attached to a local volunteer fire company. In that era, neighborhood fire companies were closely aligned with local politics. Fire companies had illustrious names, and Tweed became associated with Engine Company 33, whose nickname was â€Å"Black Joke.† The company had a reputation for brawling with other companies that would try to outrace them to fires. When Engine Company 33 disbanded, Tweed, then in his mid-20s, was one of the organizers of the new Americus Engine Company, which became known as Big Six. Tweed was credited with making the company’s mascot a roaring tiger, which was painted on the side of its engine. When Big Six would respond to a fire in the late 1840s, its members pulling the engine through the streets, Tweed could usually be seen running ahead, shouting commands through a brass trumpet. A fire company of the type led by young Boss Tweed. Library of Congress Early Political Career With his local fame as the foreman of Big Six and his gregarious personality, Tweed seemed a natural candidate for a political career. In 1852 he was elected the alderman of the Seventh Ward, an area in lower Manhattan. Tweed then ran for Congress and won, beginning his term in March 1853. However, he did not enjoy life in Washington, D.C., or his work in the House of Representatives. Though great national events were being debated on Capitol Hill, including the  Kansas-Nebraska Act, Tweed’s interests were back in New York. After his one term in Congress, he returned to New York City, though he did visit Washington for one event. In March 1857 the Big Six fire company marched in the inaugural parade for  President James Buchanan, led by former congressman Tweed in his fireman’s gear. Tammany Hall Boss Tweed depicted by Thomas Nast as a bag of money. Getty Images Picking up again in New York City politics, Tweed was elected to the city’s Board of Supervisors in 1857. It was not a highly noticeable position, though Tweed was perfectly positioned to begin corrupting the government. He would remain on the Board of Supervisors throughout the 1860s. Tweed eventually rose to the pinnacle of Tammany Hall, the New York political machine, and was elected the â€Å"Grand Sachem† of the organization. He was known to work closely with two particularly unscrupulous businessmen, Jay Gould and Jim Fisk. Tweed was also elected as a state senator, and his name would occasionally appear in newspaper reports about mundane civic matters. When the funeral procession for Abraham Lincoln marched up Broadway in April 1865, Tweed was mentioned as one of many local dignitaries who followed the hearse. By the late 1860s, the finances of the city were essentially being overseen by Tweed, with a percentage of nearly every transaction being kicked back to him and his ring. Though he was never elected mayor, the public generally regarded him as the true leader of the city. Downfall By 1870, the newspapers were referring to Tweed as Boss Tweed, and his power over the city’s political apparatus was nearly absolute. Tweed, partly due to his personality and his penchant for charity, was very popular with the common people. Legal problems began to appear, however. Financial improprieties in city accounts came to the attention of newspapers, and on July 18, 1871, an accountant who worked for Tweeds ring delivered a ledger listing suspicious transactions to The New York Times. Within days, the details of Tweeds thievery appeared on the front page of the newspaper. A reform movement consisting of Tweeds political enemies, concerned businessmen, journalists, and the noted political cartoonist Thomas Nast began to  attack the Tweed ring. After complicated legal battles and a celebrated trial, Tweed was convicted and sentenced to jail in 1873. He managed to escape in 1876, fleeing first to Florida, then Cuba, and finally Spain. The Spanish authorities arrested him and turned him over to the Americans, who returned him to prison in New York City. Death Tweed died in prison, in lower Manhattan, on April 12, 1878. He was buried in an elegant family plot at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn. Legacy Tweed pioneered a certain system of politics that came to be known as bossism. Though seeming to exist at the outer fringe of New York City politics, Tweed actually wielded more political clout than anyone in the city. For years he managed to keep a low public profile, working behind the scenes to orchestrate victories for his political and business allies- those who were part of the Tammany Hall machine. During this time, Tweed was mentioned only in passing in the press as a fairly obscure political appointee. However, the highest officials in New York City, all the way up to the mayor, generally did what Tweed and The Ring directed. Sources Golway, Terry. Machine Made: Tammany Hall and the Creation of Modern American Politics. Liveright, 2015.Sante, Luc. Low Life: Lures and Snares of Old New York. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003.

Fundamentals of Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Fundamentals of Abortion - Essay Example 2 ) Medication abortion. 3 ) Surgical abortion. B ) Causes of automatic abortion. 1 ) Problem in the venereal system of women. 2 ) General disease in the mother. 3 ) Injury of the mother. 4 ) Severe psychological trauma. C ) There are three types of surgical abortion 1 ) Manual vacuum aspiration. 2 ) Dilation and suction curettage. 3 ) Dilation and evacuation. D ) Different names of stages of abortion between actual or possible. 1 ) Threatened abortion. 2 ) Inevitable abortion. 3 ) Complete abortion. 4 ) Incomplete abortion. 5 ) Missed abortion. E ) Woman have or not to get abortion for some reasons. 1) Proponents. 2 ) Opponents. F) What kinds of things might contribute to woman felling distress after abortion? 1 ) Emotion. What the women feel before and after abortion. 2 ) Physically. Lose the money and it is very painful for women. G ) The morally and socially are types of abortion in the life. 1) Morally. The distinction between right or wrong behavior of abortion. 2 ) Socially. T he problem of abortion from the destination in social. H ) Abortion laws began to appear a long time ago in the United Stats and Mexico. 1) Abortion history in the United States. 2) Abortion history in Mexico. I ) The United States and Mexico lose money to abortion. 1 ) Economic of abortion in the United States. ... The study also looks into why people are so willing to kill the embryo instead of allowing it to grow or turning to other available options. The conclusions that follow are reasons why women should be prevented from getting abortion. Abortion is a very important issue in many countries. People always discuss the issues of abortion. There are many people who want to allow abortion, and yet there are other people who do not want to allow abortion. Many of these people believe that abortion is morally and ethically wrong. Then, there are many people who have the belief that abortion is a short, simple, and clean procedure. However, this could not be further from the truth. People who believe that abortion is a quick and simple process need to realize that there are many health problems involved in an abortion. As such, abortions should be prevented and avoided. Abortion is murder as it involves killing another human being, no matter how old they are (Slack 8). Likewise, abortion is a cr ime. If a woman does not want the embryo, she does not need to kill the embryo; there are many people who would want the embryo and the beautiful child that it becomes. There are always other options available to a pregnant woman. Abortion does not have to always be the answer. There are many methods in which a woman can get an abortion. The first method is an automatic abortion, which takes place at the end of the pregnancy due to problems during the pregnancy. The second method is known as a medication abortion and is a safe way to end an unwanted pregnancy through the use of medication or a mixture of medications. These medications can be taken vaginally or through muscle injections. The third method of abortion is a surgical abortion, which is a process done at

Ancient Mythology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ancient Mythology - Essay Example We come now to the year of 1982 when Marion Zimmer Bradley published her astonishing book The Mists Of Avalon. We will compare Bradley's work with the original tales, to demonstrate that while the myth of Arthur was and is still powerful, the women in Arthur's life took center stage and became legends in their own right with Bradley's book. In the original legend, Arthur was born to Uther Pendragon and his wife Igraine. Arthur had an older half-sister Morgaine, also later known as Morgan Of the Fairies. Merlin the Magician was originally known as Taliesin, a Druid High Priest who transformed over time and many authors. The original tale of Arthur's destiny is kept true to form in Bradley's book, where Arthur winds up with a fatal wound at the hands of his son, Mordred. Some claim that Mordred was the son of Arthur and the golden-haired Guenivere, and others claim that Mordred was a bastard child of Arthur's who later attempted to lay claim as Arthur's heir to the throne since Arthur had had no other sons. Bradley's rendition of the Arthurian legend centers on the women of Arthur's life and court. Igraine was married to Gorlois, Duke of Cornwall, with whom she had a daughter, the dark-haired, solemn-eyed Morgaine. Igraine loved her husband but felt a powerful draw to the beautiful, blonde Uther Pendragon. They were in love with each other, but could do nothing about it. Finally, Gorlois was killed in battle and Igraine married King Uther Pendragon, taking little Morgaine into the royal household with her. Later, their son Arthur was born, rightful heir to the Pendragon throne. This story took place in the early Christian times, when the pagans still held their festivals and Christianity had not yet dominated the land. When Arthur came of age, after having been tutored in the arts of kingscraft and druidism, he was to defeat the King Stag at the Beltain Fires and make love to the Maiden, representing Mother Earth. Arthur went to battle with the King Stag and won, then was led to the fires where he bedded with a prepared young virgin priestess. He later found to his horror that he had bedded his half-sister Morgaine. The child of Beltane would be Mordred. Bradley's book goes into a deeper explanation of the old religion, where the Isle Of Avalon was the place where the Lady Of the Lake (the High Priestess) was head of a special school for maidens who had the potential to become priestesses. In those days, unwed girls either went to nunneries or to the Isle Of Avalon. Viviane, the Lady Of the Lake, was Morgaine's grandmother with a vested interest in keeping the pagan traditions alive and defeating the Christian priests with their dirges and liturgies that oppressed women and insulted the Goddess. Morgaine trained under Viviane and did her bidding, like it or not. The first betrayal to Morgaine was the Beltane ceremony; Viviane knew full well that the royal blood of the Goddess must continue, and Morgaine and Arthur were the only two people possessing Viviane and Taliesin's bloodlines. Where the original legends portray Morgaine (Morgan Of the Fairies) as an evildoer determined to undermine Arthur's efforts, Bradley's Morgaine is the actual heroine as she struggles to keep the realm of the Goddess alive under the continued intrusion of the Christian pri